Paraphrasing Examples 0002

Paraphrasing Examples 0002 

 

Today’s Sentence

A peasant living on the assumption that bad years

would not come didn’t live long.

흉년이 오지 않을 거라는 가정하에 살아가는 농부는

오래 살 수 없다.

(Source: Sapiens by Yuval Noah Harari Page 0100)

 

Paraphrasing Today’s Sentence

1. A farmer did not last long

   if he assumed there would be no lean years.

→ With the same subject, I only change some words

    and use if phrase.4

→ 같은 주어를 썼고, 단지 단어 몇 개를 고쳤어요,

    if 절 (if ~ years)를 사용했습니다.  

 

2-1. A farmer who never thought of the possibility of bad/lean years

      would not last long.

→ I use the relative noun phrase (who ~ years) and shift some words.

→ 관계대명사절 (who ~years)를 썼고, 단어를 몇 개 바꿨습니다.

 

2-2. A farmer never thinking of the possibility of bad/lean years

      would not last long.

→ A gerund phrase (never thinking ~ years) describes a subject (A farmer).

→ 구동사구(never thinking ~ years)가 주어(A farmer)를 꾸며줍니다.

 

3-1. A farmer without suspecting the possibility of lean/bad years

      could not survive long.

→ A preposition phrase (without ~ years) depicts the subject (A farmer).

→ 전치사구(without ~ years)가 주어(A farmer)를 꾸며주고 있습니다.

 

3-2. Not/Never suspecting the possibility of lean/bad years,

       a farmer could not survive long.

→I use a participial construction (Not/Never ~ years).

→ 분사구문(Not/Never ~ years)을 사용했습니다.

 

4. A farmer (who is) only optimistic about his future yields

     could not sustain his life for a long time.

→ A relative noun phrase (who ~ yields) is used to explain the subject (A farmer)

    and relative noun + be verb (who is) can be omitted.

→ 관계대명사절(who ~ yields)가 사용되었고,

    관계대명사 + be 동사 (who is)는 생략 가능합니다

 

5. Ignoring the possibility of bad/lean years

    would leave a farmer with almost no chance to last long.

→ I use a gerund phrase (Ignoring ~ years) as a subject

    and leave + object + preposition phrase (with ~ long).  

→ 동명사구(Ignoring ~ years)를 주어로 사용하고

   leave + 목적어 + 전치사구 (with ~long)을 사용했습니다.

 

6. Not preparing for bad/lean years,

    a farmer had a slight chance to last long.

→ I used participial construction (Not ~ years),

    and “have a slight chance to infinitive,”

    meaning “hardly have a chance to V.”

→ 분사구문을 사용했고, “거의 ~할 가능성이 없다”라는 의미의

    “have a slight chance + to 부정사”를 사용했습니다.  

 

7. Failing to consider poor yields would

   make a farmer less likely to sustain his life for a long time.

→ Gerund phrase (Failing ~ yields) is a subject

    and I use “make + object + objective complement” structure,

    so-called Type 5 in Korean English grammar.

→ 동명사구 (Failing ~ yields)가 주어이고

   “make + 목적어 + 목적보어” 구조,

    한국 영문법으로 소위 5 형식을 사용했습니다.

 

8. Without considering crop failure,

    a farmer could hardly lead a long life.

→ I begin with a preposition phrase (Without ~ failure),

   and use an adverb “hardly,” whose meaning is “almost not.”  

→ 전치사구 (Without ~ failure)로 문장을 시작했고,

    “거의 ~가 아닌, 거의 ~하지 않는”이라는 의미의 부사인 hardly를 사용했습니다.  

 

9. It would be impossible for a farmer to survive long

    if he never considered bad/lean years.

→ “It” is a typical placeholder that actually refers to infinitive phrase (to ~ long)

     whose subject is “a farmer” after “for.” Also, I use if clause (if ~ years).

→ “It”은 to 부정사구 (to ~ long)를 지칭하는 가주어이고,

    to 부정사의 의미상의 주어는 a farmer 입니다. 이후 if절로 이어집니다.

 

10. A farmer only with speculation of good harvests

     would not succeed in living long.

→ An adverb (Only) + a preposition phrase (with ~ harvests)” describes

   the subject (A farmer) and used a phrasal phrase “succeed in V-ing” as a verb.

→ 부사 (only) + 전치사구 (with ~ harvests)가 주어 (A farmer)를 꾸며주고

    구동사 “succeed in + V-ing”를 동사로 사용 헸습니다.   

 

11. Only speculating good yields

     would not help a farmer sustain a long life.  

→ An adverb (Only) + a gerund phrase (speculating ~ yields) is a subject

    and then there is a “help + object + objective complement (bare infinitive),” Type 5.

→ 부사 (Only) + 동명사구 (speculating ~ yields)가 주어이고,

   “help + 목적어 + 목적보어 (원형부정사),” 5형식.

 

12. A peasant only with a rosy dream of good yields

      didn’t stand a chance of lasting long.

→ An adverb (Only) + a preposition phrase (with ~ harvests)”

    explains the subject (A farmer), and an idiom “stand a chance of V-ing.”

→ 부사 (Only) + 전치사구 (with ~ yields) 주어 (A farmer)를 설명하고,

    숙어인 “stand a chance of V-ing”를 사용했습니다.

 

13. Disregarding the chance of crop failure,

     a farmer failed to lead a long life.

→ I use a participial construction (Disregarding ~ failure).

→ 분사구문을 사용했습니다.

 

There are a lot more and better ways to paraphrase the sample sentence.

견본 문장을 paraphrasing 하는 더 많고 좋은 방법들이 있습니다.

Thus, please do not hesitate to practice paraphrasing on your own.

그러니까 주저하지 말고 직접 해보셔요.

Also, you can even make a variety of other versions of paraphrasing

by mixing and matching the examples above.

그리고 위에 있는 예시들을 혼합하고 짜맞추면

다양한 paraphrasing 형태의 문장들을 만드실 수 있습니다.

 

 

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